Some of the commonly used terms in the battery industry are as follows, and they are also necessary to understand the electrochemical behavior of Li-ion batteries.
①Primary battery A battery that can only be discharged once and cannot be recharged for reuse.
② Secondary battery (secondary battery) A battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged and used many times, also called a battery or a rechargeable battery.
③The secondary battery (secondary/ rechargeable battery) is the same as the secondary battery.
④ rechargeable battery (rechargeable battery) secondary battery.
⑤ When the positive electrode is discharged, electrons flow from the external circuit to the electrode with a higher potential. In addition to being called the positive electrode at this time, it can also be called the cathode (cathode) due to the reduction reaction; and when charging, it cannot be called the cathode, because the oxidation reaction occurs at this time, but should be called the anode (anode) .
⑥ Insertion (intercalate/insert) The process of lithium entering into the positive electrode material.
⑦ Deintercalation (deintercalate/remove) The process of lithium coming out of the positive electrode material.
⑧ Negative electrode When discharging, electrons flow out from the external circuit, and the electrode has a lower potential. In addition to being called the negative electrode at this time, it can also be called the anode (anode) due to the oxidation reaction; and when charging, it cannot be called the anode, because the oxidation reaction occurs at this time, but should be called the cathode (cathode) .
⑨ The process of intercalate/insert/store lithium into the negative electrode material.
⑩ Deintercalate (deintercalate/remove) the process of lithium coming out of the negative electrode material.
⑪Nominal voltage (nominalvoltage) The average voltage of the whole process when the battery is discharged at 0.2C.
⑫Nominal capacity (nominal capacity) The discharge capacity of the battery when it is discharged at 0.2C.
⑬ Open circuit voltage (opencircuitvoltage) The voltage at both ends of the positive and negative poles when the battery is not loaded.
⑭Closed circuit voltage (closed circuit voltage) When the battery is under load, the voltage at both ends of the positive and negative electrodes is also called the working voltage.
⑮ Working voltage is the same as closed circuit voltage.
⑯ Discharge is the process in which current flows from a battery through an external circuit, at which point chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
⑰ Discharge characteristics (discharge characteristics) The characteristics of the battery when it is discharged, such as discharge curve, discharge capacity, discharge rate, discharge depth, discharge time, etc.
⑱ discharge curve (dischargecurve) when the battery discharges its voltage curve with time.
⑲Discharge capacity (discharge capacity) The amount of charge released when the battery is discharged is generally expressed by the product of time and current, such as A·h, mA·h (1A·h=3600C).
⑳ Discharge rate (discharge rate) A measure of the speed of discharge. The capacity used is called 1C discharge after 1h discharge is completed; after 5h discharge is completed, it is called C/5 discharge.
㉑ depth of discharge (depth of discharge) is a measure of the degree of discharge, which is the percentage of discharge capacity and total discharge capacity, referred to as DOD.